Terms in this set (33) Serviceman's Readjustment Act/ GI Bill (1944) Returning GIs (as the men and women in uniform were called) seized the opportunity to continue their education at government expense. After World War II had drawn to a close, the United States experienced unprecedented population growth that to this day has shaped the social and political landscape of the country, and changed how and where many Americans live. These conditions allowed for better education and job opportunities, encouraging high rates of both marriage and fertility. Federal defense spending for weapon systems and military installations was appropriated mostly to the Sunbelt states, partially due to powerful western and southern legislators. A socialist and pacifist as a young man, he came out of World War II committed to the doctrine of the "just war" and the necessity of resisting dark forces of evil like Hitler and Stalin, while remaining outspoke in defense of progressive social causes, Pediatrician and author of "The Common Sense Book of Baby and Child Care," which instrumented parents on modern child-rearing, replacing traditional means of passing along such knowledge. Though the United States' population was only six percent of the world's population, Americans controlled more than 40 percent of the world's wealth. Americans embraced this new technology, and watching their favorite shows on TV became a daily activity. Americans had always been on the move, exploring new territories and settling new lands. He is often said to have the bible of the baby boomer generation, Soviet dictator from Lenin's death in 1922 until his own death in 1953. He was the originator of the concept of the Marshall Plan to provide aid to reconstruct Western Europe in 1947, a liberal Protestant theologian whose teachings and writings aimed to relate Christian faith to the realities of modern politics. To ensure the best experience, please update your browser. Led to the creation of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank, designed to regulate currency levels and provide aid to underdeveloped countries, international body formed to bring nations into dialogue in hopes of preventing further world wars; much like the former League of Nations in ambition, it was more realistic in recognizing the authority of the Big Five Powers in keeping peace in the world, thus guaranting veto power to all permant members of its Security Council (Britian, China, France, the Soviet Union, and the United States), highly publicized proceedings against former Nazi leaders for war crimes and crimes against humanity as part of the Allies denazification program in postwar Germany; led to several executions and long prison sentances, Year-long mission of flying food and supplies to blockaded West Berliners, whom the Soviet Union cut off from access to the West in the first major crisis of the Cold War, America's strategy against the Soviet Union basedf on the ideas of George Kennan; it declared that the Soviet Union and communism were inherently expansionist and had to be stopped from spreading through both military and political pressure and, as a result, guided American foreign policy throughout most of the Cold War, President Truman's universal pledge of support for any people fighting any communist or communist-inspired threat; presented to Congress in support of his request for $400 million to defend Greece and Turkey against Soviet-backed insurgencies, massive transfer of aid money to help rebuild postwar Western Europe, intended to bolster capitalist and democratic governments and prevent domestic communist groups from riding poverty and misery to power; was first announced by Secretary of State George Marshall in 1947, North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) (est. baby boom (1946-1964) demographic explosion from births to returning soldiers and others who had put off starting families during the war; this large generation of new Americans forced the expansion of many institutions such as schools and universities Yalta Conference (1945) The Federal Housing Administration (FHA) and the Veterans Administration offered guaranteed home loans, making home ownership more economically advantageous than renting an inner-city apartment. From approximately 1945 through 1975, an average of 30 million individuals every year decided to change their residences, usually moving to one of the Sunbelt states. Khan Academy is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. Match. Leader of Chinese Nationalists, also known as Chang kai-shek. StudyNotes offers fast, free study tools for AP students. For the first time most Americans could afford refrigerators, washing machines, vacuum cleaners, and electric mixers, and all products were sold on the promise that they could make Americans' lives easier. In the 1950s, the national income came close to doubling and nearly doubled again in the 1960s. Known as the \"baby boom,\" this population expansion took place between the years 1946 and 1964, with the peak occurring in 1957. Americans had experienced economic growth before the post-World War II era, but what differentiated this era of economic prosperity was its far-reaching effects. Businesses began to invest exceptional amounts of capital to procure plants and equipment now prime for commercial use. Massive military budgets further contributed to American economic growth. America's shift from a manufacturing to a service-based economy hurt industrial states like Ohio and Pennsylvania deeply, and even midwestern states suffered drastic vocational change as giant agribusinesses replaced the small family farm. Since 1964, every president elected has claimed a Sunbelt state as home, and burgeoning populations has meant increased representation in the House of Representatives. During the 1940s, particularly in the time after the end of World War II, the population saw an increase of 19 million.
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Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world. Suburban families began to buy second automobiles to help manage suburban living. Baby food, furniture, and toys were flying off store shelves at a record pace. Funds appropriated for infrastructure, such as new roads and highway construction, seemed to disproportionately favor the Sunbelt states. The state of California saw the most striking population increase, accounting for almost 20 percent of the nation's population growth.
The act allocated $13 billion to help soldiers returning home pay for higher education, vocational training, medical treatment, unemployment insurance, and loans for building new houses. By 1990, Latinos represented around 25 percent of the total population in the Sunbelt states of Texas, Arizona, and California. Economic pressures dissuaded many Americans from having children, since they would have added to the financial stress experienced by many households. Along with the demographic shift in the national population came a political shift. Always 100% free. Car companies began to market the advantages of families owning more than one automobile, and the suburbanites were quick to agree. Starting in the early 1970s, the Rustbelt states were hit especially hard as foreign steel became more affordable and economically attractive to American companies. first "hot war" of the Cold War. Pent up demand for consumer goods, caused by years of wartime self-deprivation, also fueled the economy. African Americans, women, and the GI Bill, Start of the Cold War - The Yalta Conference and containment, Start of the Cold War - The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan, Start of the Cold War - The Berlin airlift and the creation of NATO.
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Tax deductions also made the move from urban areas to the suburbs easier. Web.
Consumer demand encouraged companies to develop new, innovative products. Since the majority of job growth was in the service sector, women found employment in urban offices and shops.
To meet the overwhelming demand for new homes, the construction industry grew rapidly during the 1950s and 60s. In the 1950s, manufacturers of baby products reaped huge profits due to the exceptionally high demand. During the 1960s, the baby boomer's economic influence continued. The economic boom in postwar America, however, brought a new demographic transformation. California had a booming electronics industry, and Texas and Florida benefited from large aerospace firms and military facilities. On average, 4.24 million babies were born per year between 1946 and 1964, when birth rates finally began to decline again.
Republicans and Southern Democrats kept much of his vision from being enacted, except for raising minimum wage, providing more public housing, and extended old-age insureance to many more beneficiaries under the Social Security Act, National Security Council Memorandum Number 68 (NSC-68) (1950), National Security Council recommendation to quadruple defense spending and rapidly expand peace-time armed forces to address Cold War tensions; it reflected a new militarization of American foreign policy but the huge costs of rearmament were not expected to interfere with what seemed like the limitless possibilities of postwar prosperity. Amsco AP US History Chapter 26. Our AP study guides, practice tests, and notes are the best on the web because they're contributed by students and teachers like yourself. As women took on additional responsibility in the workplace, they struggled to balance their careers with their traditional roles as wives and mothers. The financial security shared by many had far-reaching effects, including wider wealth distribution and population shifts toward warmer climates across the nation. In the 1970s, industries began to change to accommodate the aging taste of the baby boomers.
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Blue jeans makers, for example, began to market larger, more flexible pants for the "growing" population. Typically inhabited by white middle-class people who fled the cities in search of homes to buy for their growing families, demographic explosion from births to returning soldiers and others who had put off starting families during the war; this large generation of new Americans forced the expansion of many institutions such as schools and universities, meeting of FDR, Churchill, and Stalin where the Big Three leaders laid the foundations for the postwar division of power in Europe, including a divide Germany and territorial concessions to the Soviet Union, 45 year diplomatic tension between the United States and the Soviet Union that divided much of the world into polarized camps, capitalist against communist.
Baby Boom A cohort of individuals born in the United States between 1946 and 1964, which was just after World War II in a time of relative peace and prosperity. The postwar economy proved to be more robust, which encouraged families to have more children. In 1946, only 7,000 Americans owned black and white TV sets. After the war ended, the Defense Plant Corporation sold properties that were no longer needed to produce war materials. The sudden surge of infants that set the stage for population to grow at a rapid clip for years to come became known as the “Baby Boom.” Anyone born between 1946 and 1964 is considered to be part of the baby boom generation and is hence referred to as a “baby boomer.” The baby boom generation comprises nearly 20% of the American public. The war decimated the infrastructure, and the economies of many countries in Europe and Asia, and Americans capitalized by exporting products to the countries. The standard of living in America increased tremendously, sustained by strong home and automobile sales.