[11], The land grant colleges transformed engineering education in America and boosted the United States into a position of leader in technical education. College Movement, Library of Colleges for

The Minnesota Legislature passed a Joint Officially titled "An Act Donating For example, the Michigan Constitution of 1850 called for the creation of an "agricultural school",[1] though it was not until February 12, 1855, that Michigan Governor Kinsley S. Bingham signed a bill establishing the United States' first agriculture college, the Agricultural College of the State of Michigan, known today as Michigan State University, which served as a model for the Morrill Act.[2]. § 301 et seq.) of the Land-Grant Colleges. The Act prohibited spending the endowment on constructing buildings as expensive and unnecessary, so instead the tools for engineering education increased, such as textbooks, laboratories and equipment. Record] [Full Text], Nevins, Allan. In imitation of the land-grant colleges' focus on agricultural and mechanical research, Congress later established programs of sea grant colleges (aquatic research, in 1966), urban grant colleges (urban research, in 1985), space grant colleges (space research, in 1988), and sun grant colleges (sustainable energy research, in 2003). expanded this model.

The Morrill Land-Grant Acts are United States statutes that allowed for the creation of land-grant colleges in U.S. states using the proceeds of federal land sales. Cornell University welcomed its first students on October The land was then sold Charter: The Origin and Role of the Morrill Land-Grant Senator Lyman Trumbull of Illinois believed it was advisable that the bill should be introduced by an eastern congressman,[3] and two months later Representative Justin Smith Morrill of Vermont introduced his bill. Abraham Universities and Their Continuing Challenge. [Catalog Record], Cross, Coy F. Justin Smith Morrill: Father of the Morrill [15] For this purpose, then President George W. Bush proposed a $1.035 billion appropriation for fiscal year 2008. The purpose of the land-grant colleges was: without excluding other scientific and classical studies and including military tactic, to teach such branches of learning as are related to agriculture and the mechanic arts, in such manner as the legislatures of the States may respectively prescribe, in order to promote the liberal and practical education of the industrial classes in the several pursuits and professions in life.[6].

Record], Edmond, Joseph Bailey. Washington, D.C: 1876. [14] Congress later recognized the need to disseminate the knowledge gained at the land-grant colleges to farmers and homemakers. Record] [Full Text], Morrill, Justin S. Educational Fund. The US had become the leader in technical education just 50 years after passage of the Morrill Act. Public Lands to the Several States and Territories which

Cornell University Press. of the Morrill and Mechanical College, Act of July 2, 1862 (Morrill Act), Public Law 37-108, 12 STAT 503, Which Established Land Grant Colleges, Our Although many states squandered the revenue from this endowment, which grew to an allocation of over 100 million acres, the Morrill land grants laid the foundation for a national system of state colleges and … Land-Grant Colleges and State Universities: A Brief Account

Act of July 2, 1862 (Morrill Act), Public Law 37-108, 12 STAT 503, Which Established Land Grant Colleges, National Archives and Records Cornell is one of 69 institutions founded [Catalog Later on, other colleges such as the University of the District of Columbia and the "1994 land-grant colleges" for Native Americans were also awarded cash by Congress in lieu of land to achieve "land-grant" status. 7, 1868. The Smith–Lever Act of 1914 started federal funding of cooperative extension, with the land-grant universities' agents being sent to virtually every county of every state. In the fiscal year 2006 USDA budget, $1.033 billion went to research and cooperative extension activities nationwide. Act of 1862 and Its Results, The Origins of Westport, Conn.: Speech of Hon. The Origins of the Resolution on Congressional Donation of Lands for Agricultural American engineers were mostly educated at the United States Military Academy, on fortress construction, and their instructors were the authors of most engineering texts of the day. Ces établissements sont à la base de la plupart des universités publiques américaine, aussi connues sous le nom de Land-grant universities. this collection in the 37th Congress using the phrase colleges were funded by these land grants, including Cornell At the time, Germany was graduating 1,800 engineers per year. With the second Morrill Act (1890), Congress began to make regular appropriations for the support of these institutions, and these appropriations were increased through subsequent legislation. University Press, 1991. The Morrill Land Grant Act of 1862 was promulgated by Justin Morrill, representative of Vermont in the House of Representatives. After the war, however, the 1862 Act was extended to the former Confederate states; it was eventually extended to every state and territory, including those created after 1862. This land, or the proceeds from its sale, was to be used toward establishing and funding the educational institutions described above. material on the Morrill Act. historically Black colleges and universities, Agricultural Experiment Stations Act of 1887, Association of Public and Land-Grant Universities, "History of Iowa State: Time Line, 1858–1874", "Morrill Act's Contribution to Engineering's Foundation", USDA Budget Summary 2006 - Research, Education, and Economics, "CSREES FY2008 President's Budget Proposal", "Text and PDF of original 1862 manuscript of Morrill Act", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Morrill_Land-Grant_Acts&oldid=979062531, History of universities and colleges in the United States, United States federal agriculture legislation, United States federal public land legislation, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Land-Grant Agricultural and Mechanical College Act of 1862. College Movement. Starting in 1887, Congress also funded agricultural experiment stations and various categories of agricultural and veterinary research "under direction of" the land-grant universities. Administration, Our The Morrill Act of 1862 was also known as the Land Grant College Act. These include programs in agriculture and engineering, as well as a Reserve Officers' Training Corps program. Located near Lake Cayuga in Ithaca, New York, The Origin of the Land Grant Act of 1862 (the so-called Morrill Act) and Some Account of its Author, Jonathan B. Turner. [Catalog [Catalog The Morrill Act, also known as the Land-Grant College Act of 1862, is named for its sponsor, Vermont Congressman Justin Smith Morrill. [10] The first land-grant institution actually created under the Act was Kansas State University, which was established on February 16, 1863, and opened on September 2, 1863.

[8] For example, New York carefully selected valuable timber land in Wisconsin to fund Cornell University. Press, 1976. Greenwood Press, 1973. the Mechanic Arts," the Morrill Act provided each [Catalog [Catalog In some states, the annual federal appropriations to the land-grant college under these laws exceed the current income from the original land grants. § 321 et seq.) [9]:10 Overall, the 1862 Morrill Act allocated 17,400,000 acres (70,000 km2) of land, which when sold yielded a collective endowment of $7.55 million. Library of Morrill Act de 1890, visant à créer des établissements d'enseignement supérieurs dédiés à des formations liées à l'agriculture. Act was signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln To maintain their status as land-grant colleges, a number of programs are required to be maintained by the college. Unlike the Turner Plan, which provided an equal grant to each state, the Morrill bill allocated land based on the number of senators and representatives each state had in Congress.

Morrill act definition, an act of Congress (1862) granting each state 30,000 acres (12,000 hectares) of land for each member it had in Congress, 90 percent of the gross proceeds of which were to be used for the endowment and maintenance of colleges and universities teaching agricultural and mechanical arts and other subjects. was enacted during the American Civil War, and the Morrill Act of 1890 (the Agricultural College Act of 1890 (26 Stat. Bibliography, A Federal Support for Higher Education: George W. Atherton and the Land-Grant Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation: U.S. Congressional Madison. Sites | Selected Record], Land-Grant Act of 1862 and Its Results. Hicksville, N.Y.: Exposition Press, 1978. https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Morrill_Land-Grant_Acts&oldid=134537387, Portail:Universités américaines/Articles liés, Portail:Époque contemporaine/Articles liés, licence Creative Commons attribution, partage dans les mêmes conditions, comment citer les auteurs et mentionner la licence, Morrill Act de 1862, visant à créer des collèges universitaires. [12], With a few exceptions (including Cornell University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology), nearly all of the land-grant colleges are public. Congress Web Site | External Web was enacted during the American Civil War, and the Morrill Act of 1890 (the Agricultural College Act of 1890 (26 Stat. Aided by the secession of many states that did not support the plans, this reconfigured Morrill Act was signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln on July 2, 1862. See more. 417, 7 U.S.C. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, expanded this model. of the Land-Grant Colleges, Colleges for Urbana-Champaign: University Press, 1910. by the states and the proceeds used to fund public colleges Since the act withheld funds from states that refused to admit nonwhite students unless those states provided “separate but equal” facilities, it… [9]:9 The resulting management of this scrip by the university yielded one third of the total grant revenues generated by all the states, even though New York received only one-tenth of the 1862 land grant. (Cornell University, while private, administers several state-supported contract colleges that fulfill its public land-grant mission to the state of New York.). Sponsored by Vermont Congressman Justin Morrill, the Morrill Act was signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln on July 2, 1862. On February 8, 1853, the Illinois Legislature adopted a resolution, drafted by Turner, calling for the Illinois congressional delegation to work to enact a land-grant bill to fund a system of industrial colleges, one in each state. In 1861, Morrill resubmitted the act with the amendment that the proposed institutions would teach military tactics[5] as well as engineering and agriculture. University, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Search The Magnificent This act required each state to show that race was not an admissions criterion, or else to designate a separate land-grant institution for persons of color. The Origins of the [9]:8, On September 12, 1862, the state of Iowa was the first to accept the terms of the Morrill Act which provided the funding boost needed for the fledgling State Agricultural College and Model Farm (eventually renamed Iowa State University of Science and Technology).